Burner



Z. 0. RARRICK.

' BURNER. naamw/22,1921.

Mar. 6; 1923.

Zf/We @fa/717% QyWJ/' f Mar. 6, 1923. n 1,447,571. 2.0.RARR1CK- BURNER.

FILED JULY22,1921. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented lidar. 6, i923.

j narran sra'ras amsn eat/raar orties.

`ZERNE 0. BARRICK, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TOI THE RANSOIE 6c RANDOLPH COMPANY@I OF TOLEBO, OI-IO, AOORPORATION OF OHIO.

- BURNER.

Application filed July 22, 1921. serial No. 486,686.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be .1t known that l, ZnnNn O. Bannion, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Toledo, in the county ot Lucas and State ofI Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Burners, of whichthe following is a full, clear,concise, and enact description, reference being; had to` theaccompanyingl drawings, formingv a part of this specification. i

My invention relates to a burner that is particularly adapted to form part of a hea-t ingappliance suitable for? use in dentists laboratories. The invention consists in a `novel construction and arrangement of the several parts 0i' the burner with a view to producing a heating device that will operate successfully .and indefinitely on low grade hydrocarbon fuel, such as present day commercial gasoline.

Low 'grade gasoline tends `to carbonize within and block any smallpassage through which it travels it such passage is subjected to anyconsiderable degree of heat. The

nication between the burner and its asso` ciatcd' gasoline tank. yhose parts .of my device which are subject to carbonization are very accessible'and easy to clean. y therrobjects and advantages of my invention will appear as the following` detailed description progresses.

In the .accompanying` drawings, illustrating my invention,

Figure` 1 is a side elevational view Vof a gasoline heating appliance embodying my invention; A

AFigure 2 is a top plan view ofthe sameg Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view illustrating the interiorr construction of.v those parts of the appliance lwith whichmy present invention is particularly concerned;

formation of Vcarbon in thatfpart of a den-` tists `(gasoline. heating' appliance wh1ch"con` view Similar characters of reference refer to` similar parts throughout the several views. in YFigures 1 and. 2 l have illustrated a heating appliance comprising aclosed tank 10 adapted to contain a supply of' gasoline orV other liquid hydrocarbon. The suppl;1 of hydrocarbon tothe tankis replenishel'l through opening 11 which is normally closed by a plug 12. Plug 12 carries an air pump 13 by means of which air may be pumped into the tank to place the liquidhydrocarbon under pressure. Tank 10 serves to supply tuel'to a burner indicated as a whole at B and to a carburetor illustrated at C. "Carburetor C may be supplied. with fuel i'roni tank 10 by proper manipulation of the valve controlled by valve operatinghandle 14. Said valve normally shuts oft communication between tank 10 and the carburetor, but when said valve is open, the air under pressure in tank 10 forces liquid hydrocarbon through conduit 15 to replenish the supply of hydrocarbon .in the carburetor C. l

rlhe general arrangement of tank, pump, burner and carburetor` illustrated in 'Figs ures 1 and Q is old in the `art to which my inventionr relates, this general arrangement of parts being the characteristic Yfeature of the well-known Brophy gasoline appliance shown and described in United States Letters Patent Number l?(5(l,099. granted to Reuben C. Brophy on May 17, 1904. So far as my present invention'is concerned, the

ldetails of the carburetor are immaterial`r but l preter to employ a carburetor embody-` ing the improvementsfdeseribed and claimed in my co-pendingr application Seria-l Nunn ber 186.687, filed July 22, 1921.`v

it 16 I have illustrated a metal conduit which aords communication between tank l0 and bu'fner B. A sleeve 17 clamps the shouldered end ci `conduit 16 against the outer end of a hollowl'plug 1S, the plug; 18

'-beingtightly threaded into an aperture in the side wall o-i'' tanlrlO. 5L pipe 19 ai'lords communication between plug 18 and a point below the level of fuel in tank 10 and prei erably near the bottom thereof. Conduit i 16 contains the usual lfinemetal wires indicated at 20. VThat end of conduit 1G which lies away from the tank is threaded into a valve housing 21 and communicates with the vertical bore of the latter. Threaded into valve housing 21 isa valve stem 22 which is provided with a reduced and pointed upper end l23 constituting a needle valve ar- 28 and an inner member 29. The portion 28- of i funnelfshaped member 28 is provided with a plurality of air holes 30-30 andis provided with internal screw threads co-operating with external screw threads on the upper end of valve housino` 21;

.Y Thevburner element-29 is hollow and is provided .with a. lower tubular portion 291 and annular external shoulders 29h. and 29C. The lower end of the tubular portion 29 is reduced in diameter and provided `with external threads co-operating with internal l threads in theupper end of portion 2i a of the funnel-shaped member. It will be noted that element 29 lies within but is spaced f from the inclined and cylindrical walls of elementL 28.- vCommuniction between the in- A f as is clearly shown in Figures 3, l and terior of element 29 and 'the 'space between elements 28 and 29 is aiforded by a plurality ofslots or saw cuts 31-31 which are formed in `the lower portiony of element 28,

Il find it'ldesirable to force an internal fer` rule 32 into the lower end of the burner element 28 -to prevent the partially `severed portions of the same from being forced inwardly and broken off when member 29 is threaded into the member 28, as illustrated.

p Resting upon one ofthe internal shouldersy of burner-memberl 29 is a circular cap 33 which is upwardly dished and is provided on litslower surface witha centrally located downwardly projecting boss 34. Formed in the cap 33 and located around the boss 311. is a plurality of apertures A pair of screens or perforated discs 36 and 37 are dis-- posed above cap 35 and rest upon internal annular shoulders of member 29. The upper screen is preferably held against displace ment by a-split ring retainer indicated at`38.

Prior to using the burner the pump 13 is operatedto create a suliicien't pressure within tank 10. The burner elements 28. and 29. are then heated either -by dir e5ztiin`qg` a blow pipe-flame against element 28 or by b`urn mg gasoline or other fuel m thetrough proy vided by flange 27. When the burner elements have been properly preheated, the needle valve23 is unseated to admit fuelto the lower portion of burner element 28. The admitted fuel rises through the aligned passages of burner elements 28 and 29 and mixes with air entering through openings 30-30. The rising combustible mixture im pinges against the boss or hotrspotll and a considerable portion' of the combustible mixture is deflected outwardly and downwardly from'said boss and passesrthrough the slots 31-31 intothe annular space be-k tween the burner members 28 and'29.,l When the combustible mixtureis first ignited at the top of the burner, two distinct flames are noticeable, one ame rising from the screen 37 and theother from thev annular space between the burner members 28 vand 29. very hot fthe flame resulting from combus' tion in the annular space between the burner members 28 and 29 is not noticeable, or not particularly noticeable, at the top of the burner, and the lamerisingabove screen 37 has become more intense. This action is no doubt due to the fact that, after the After the burner partshave become burner. parts become very hot, volatiliza'tion of the hydrocarbon improves andfagreater portion of thecombustible mixture rescapes upwardly through the apertures 35 than is vthe case when the combustible mixture is first lignited at the top of the burner.y It is a fact, however, that a considerable portion. of the combustible mixture is always ydeflected through the slots 31-31 and burns in the space between members 28 and 29, the flame from such combustion impinging jagainst lshoulders 29b`and 29c and serving to heat the burnermember 29 and its cap `much of theheat from burner member29 as is conducted to burner velement' 28 is almost entirely dissipated-.by V'radiation from member 28. Member 28 has a 'very' large external surface and such heat as is absorbed thereby is so rapidly radiated tothe 'surrounding atrnosphere that butan insignificant amount of heat isperm'itte'd to reach the conduit 16 by conduction. The temperai Vture of conduit 16 remains surprisingly` low,

even after the burner has been in operation for a very considerable length of time, and as a result, the` annoyance resulting from the deposit ofl carbon. around'` wiresl 20-52Qis eliminated, or practicallyeliminated. The onlyparts of the device yupon or in wliic'h'f any substantiallquantifties of carbonfare deposited are the members 28 and 29u` and the cap 33. These parts are readily accessible andmay be easily cleaned when occasion requires. f a

VThe herein described burner of my invention is characterized fbylthe fact thatuit is practically noiseless in operation. This result vis undoubtedlyI attributable to the bafiiing effect resulting` from the'eonformation' and 'construction of the several parts of the inner burner member. l, vi `l/Vhile I have illustrated the burner of my invention as forminglpartofa gasoline appliance of the Brophy type, Amy burner is in no way limited to use inlthisl connection.`

I do not "limit myself to the 'details `of con'- struction hereinshown and described, but

claim all equivalent arrangements falling within the terms or spirit of the appended claims.; N What I claim is'new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited` States is:

vl. A burner comprising' two hollow Vmembers both open at the top` anddisposed one within the other with a space between them,`

a `lieating elementV within the' inner 'hollow member, andf means for admitting a comf1 bustible mixtureof air and hydro-carbon to the lower end of the inner member, there being openings in -the `lower part of theinner member to permit a minor portion of the combustible mixture entering the inner member topass therefrom intothe srpace between said members; t

2. A burner comprising two hollow mem#y bers b oth open at the'top and disposed one within the other with a space between them, and means for admitting a combustible mix- 1 ture `ofair and hydro-carbon to theV lower end ofthe inner member, there being openings in the lowei` part of the inner member to permit a minor portion ofthe combustible mixture entering the inner'inember to pass therefrom into the space between said members,the innermemberbeing 1provided on its outer surface with a shoulder whereo-nimping'es'the iiame resulting rom combustion in the space between said members. i

3. A; burner con'iprising two hollow members'both open at t-he top and disposedon'e within the other with a space between'them,

and means for' admitting acombustiblemix# ture of air and hydroecarbon to the `lower end of the inner member, there being `open` ings in the lower partiof'thejinne'r member to' permit a minor portio'irofthe combustible mixture entering thejinner member to pass therefrom into the space between said meml i bers, together with an aperturedv horizontal wall in the inner member provided onits lower surface withal centralboss located opposite the point where the combustiblemixture is admitted to said inner chamber.-

4. A burner of the class described coinprising a hollow member open atv top and botto-mand provided with annular `shoulders onits outer surface, a secondhollow member open at the top and disposed around and spacedfrom the first member, means for ad-` mitting a combustible mixture of air and hydro-carbon "to the lower portion of the iir'st member, and openings in the lower portion of the firstmember adapted `to permit a part of the combustible mixture entering the first member to pass into the space be-` flame impinging upon said shoulders.

5. `A burner of the class described com-4 prising awhollow member'open at top and bottom and provided with annular shoulders on its outer surface, a second hollow member openat the top and disposed varound and spaced from the rst member, means forradmitting a combustible mixture of air and hydro-carbon to the lower portion of the ltween said members and there sustain a first member, and'openings in the lower porfirst member to passi into the space between said members and-there 4sustain a flame 1mtion of the irst member adapted to permit a i `part of the combustible mixture entering the pinging upon said shoulders, and an upwardly dished and apertured horizontal wall in said inner: member, said wall provided `wall of said inner chamber, and means for admitting a combustible mixture of air and hydro-carbon to the lower portion of the inner chambenthere being openings in the lowerportion ofthe wall of the inner cham- `berto permit .a part of the combustible mixturej entering the inner chamberV to pass into the outer chamber and there sustain a flame impinging lupon 'said' shoulders.

7` A burner comprising means providing aninner chamber open at the top, and an outerjcha'mber open at the top, 4closed 'at the bottom-'and lying around said inner chamber, y a transversely extendmg heating element within said inner' chamber, and mea-ns for admitting a combustible mixture of air and hydro-carbon to the bottom of the' inner portion of the wall" ofthe inner chamber throt'igh which a" part "of the combustible ymixturejenteringthe inner chamber may pass into the'outer chamber andtheresustaina flame to "heat the wallof'the innerA` chamber 'to :a high temperature. i

8. A burner comprising meansproviding an inner chamber open at the'top', andan outercliamber open at the top, closed at the chamber, therebeing openingsfin thelower bottom and :lying around said` inner chamber,v and means for admitting a combustiblev Amixture of air and hydrocarbon to the bottoin ofthe inner-chamber, theregbeing openingsin theflower. portion of vthewall of the f inner chamberthrough whichla'part of the combustible mixture yentering the inner chambermay passiinto the-louter chamber and there sustain-a flametoyheatthewvall of the rinner chamber to a .high temperature, l

saidinner chamber being provided at a point intermediate the;v top and bottomlthereof-L with an upwardly dished,:aperturech` horizontal wall. i i 1 9. A burner comprisingl means providing an inner chamber open at 'theitop, and an outer chamber open at the top, closed at the bottom and-lying around said inner chamber, and means foradmitting a combustible .mixture ofair and hydro-carbonv to the bottom'rof the inner chamber, there being openings inthe lower portion of the wall-ofthe inner chamber through which a part 'of thev combustible mixture entering u the inner cha-mberfmaygpass into the ,outer chamber and there sustain a` ilameto hea-t the wall of .the 'inner 'chamber to a high temperature,

ymember with the bottom openings of saidy said innerfchamber being provided 'at a point intermedia-te the top .and- `bottom thereof with'an upwardly rdished, apertured, horizontalwall, said wall being provided with a.

cent-rally? located, downwardly` projectingboss -disposed above and opposite theypoint` wherecombustible Vmixture is admitted to the :inner chamber.

10;A VA burner ofthe class-described comprisinga -funnel shaped member 'communieating' atits lower end with a conduit leading from a source of hydro-carbon supply,

a. hollow member openat ,topi and bottomand disposed in the topofthe funnel shaped hollow member communicating with; the pasin-gffromfa source-of.hydro-carbon supply,"

sage' through the lower portion Vof the fun--V nel shaped member, there fbeing an annular space 'between the aforesaidunnel shaped' member and said hollow 'membeiga vheating elementpositioned within i and transversely of saldhollow member, and openings 1n the lower portion Yof the hollow member affording communication between the-hollow member and `said annular space.`

11. A: burnerof thefclass described comn prisinga funnel shapedl member communi--' catingat .its 'lower endf'with a-'conduitfleada hollow-memberopen at topland bottom and/'disposed in thei top ofthe funnel shaped?- memben .with:thebotto1fn':A .opening 4fof said. hollow 'membercommunicating with the-pase sagethrough theyfl'ower portion` ofA the. fun# nel shaped membeiglthere beingan annular spacegbet'ween the aforesaid tunnel: shaped member and-said hollow. 'membenl and :op'enugs' in theflowerportionlbf thezhollewsmem- -tion ofthe funnel shapedv member. y

` in the lower portionof the hollowmember `all'ording communication between the hollow `member andhsaid annular space, together with an aperturedfhorizontal wall in the beraifordingcommunication between thehollow member and said annular space,.tov gether with an apertured, horizontal wall in the ,inner lmember provided with a downwardly projecting central bosslocated directly opposite thepa-ssage inthe lower por- .12. Abui'ner of the class described comprising a funnel shaped member communieating at its lower end with a conduit leadingfrom a source of hydro-carbon supply, a hollow member open at top and bottom `and, disposed-in the top of the funnel shaped member 'with thebottom openings .of-said hollow member communicating with the p as-` sagefthrough the'lowerportion of the funnel shaped member, therebeingan annular space between the [aforesaid funnel shaped meme ber and said hollowmember, and openings kprising a funnel shapedv member connected at its lower end with a conduit leading from a source of hydro-carbon supply, openings in the -lower portion ofsaid funnel shaped `member for the admission of air, a hollow 'member yopen at top and bottom and of less diameter than' the flaring portion of the funnelshaped member, saidhollow member 105 being disposed in thefupper ory flaring por,-

tion-of the `funnel shaped member and being secured tothe latter with the bottom `opening of said hollow-member registering with the `opening through the-lower portion of the `110 funnel shaped member, an upwardly dished and apertured horizontal wall in the hollow member, `a downwardly projecting central boss carried lby said wall, and located above and-opposite the passage. through the lower 115V portion ofVA the funnel :shaped member,and

`Ahorizontalshoulders-on the outer vsurface of the hollow member, there beingslots in the lower portion of the hollow member-through which' a part ofthe combustible mixture en V 120 1 Vtering saidhollow member may-'passinto the space .around saidlhollow member andthere sustain a llame impinging upon-said shoulwtne'ssf whereof, I hereunto subscribe 1 2 5 

